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Barzilai was born in Salonika and in 1910 he reached Jerusalem for rabbinical studies. He returned to Salonika and became a Rabbi and a teacher there. During 1932-1934 he moved to Belgrade and during 1934-1936 he moved to Tel-Aviv.

Barzilai was born in Salonika and in 1910 he reached Jerusalem for rabbinical studies. He returned to Salonika and became a Rabbi and a teacher there. During 1932-1934 he moved to Belgrade and during 1934-1936 he moved to Tel-Aviv. In 1936 he returned to Athens, became the city Rabbi and stayed there during the war. On September 22nd 1943, the Rabbi was invited to the Gestapo headquarters where he was told that the Jews would be separated from the rest of the city residents. As a result, the Rabbi ordered everyone to burn the community papers. This announcement made most of the city Jews flee to the hills and far off villages where they hid with fake names and false identity cards. This is how 3000 of Athens's Jews were saved, while Rabbi Barzilai risked his own life. First information about his actions was found in Yosef Ben's book "Greek Jewry in the Holocaust and Resistance 1941-1944". After the war, Rabbi Barzilai continued to be the city Rabbi until 1963. "The Jewish Rescuer Award" will be given to his family members during the 2019 Holocaust Memorial Day ceremony in the Bnei Brith forest. THE HOLOCAUST OF THE Greek Jewish Communities 1st paragraph When the German troops arrived in Athens on April 27, 1941, the Greek capital was under Italian Occupation. The Germans immediately demanded to be in charge of the" Jewish Issue". On May 1941 the Nazis confiscated the Jewish Community's Archives they auctioned the Rabbinical Library and arrest the Central Board members. On the 1st of September, the Italians appoint Rabbi Barzilay Head of the Community. The Italians try to protect the Community rights but to no success. The nazis gradually become more aggressive and facilitate members of the ESPO ( a Greek Ultra Right nationalistic organization ) to vandalize and damage the Community offices . September 20, Greek Resistance members exploded the ESPO offices . The Nazis blamed the Jews and forced the Italians to arrest the Jewish leaders , who non the less were released a few days later. The Jewish Community started getting more organized in providing help to the needy ,and shelter to the Jews who had managed to run away from Thessaloniki and were hiding in Athens The Chief of Greek Police Angel Everet also helped by issuing identity cards for Jewish families, presenting them as Christians . The Arch- Bishop Damaskinos reliesed certificates to Jews who consented to get baptized as Christians . He also put pressure on the appointed Greek Government to protect the rights of The Jewish population. Two referendums were signed on this matter. Courageous Greek citizens and the Greek Resistance also tried to help . On September 3, 1943 the Italians leave Athens . High rank officers are arrested by the Germans . August 10, 1943 The Nazi Headquarters in Belin send to Athens a notorious commander named Ditter Wislycheny to complete the mission of finding the hiding Jews of Athens . September 21, 1943 Wislitcheny gives Rabbi Barzilay a24 hour Ultimatum to present lists of the names and addresses of all the Athenian Jews and all those who had come from other towns to find shelter in the vast and spread out city of Athens . The Rabbi tried to gain time for the Jews so that they could run away and replied that ESPO had vandalized and destroyed the Community Offices including the lists . He was given additional time (48 hours) to re-construct the lists. Instead, he sent a message to Community Clerks to go to the Office and burn all documents . The Community leaders managed to run away from their homes , and so did the majority of the Jewish residents of Athens . The Rabbi was also helped by Resistance fighters to run away to the mountains . By September 25 , most of the Jews of Athens had disappeared. The Germans understood that they had been tricked , and they furiously broke into the Jewish Community Offices. But they found nothing . The Nazis release an order calling all the Jews to come out of their hiding placesand go back to their homes . Those who would show up were promised to get help and provisions for their families. The Nazis also promised that those who obeyed would be rewarded and helped to reorganise their Community . About 1200 Jews decided to come out and registered. The Germans appointed a new Community Committee of the Elders, and acted as if everything was back to normal . This way they succeeded in deceiving and encouraging more runaways to show up . The number of those who came out of their hiding places rose to 2000 . Another 200 were found by Nazi collaborators. On Friday , March 23, 1944 Gestapo suddenly blockaded and arrested about 350 Jews who had gone to the Synagogue , and locked them inside. At the same time, whole families were arrested and brought to the synagogue where they stayed locked till Saturday evening . From there they were all taken to Haidari prison .At the same time , 1200 Jews from Preveza , Agrinion and Arta were also held in Haidari . On April 2, they were all brought to the Rouf train station , and from there, sent to Poland and the Death Camps. On their way to Aushwitz , they stopped in Larissa where an additional number of 2.400 Jews who had been arrested in Volos, Trikala and mostly Yannina , were crumped on the train and taken to the Camps . Academiya.pdf Barzilai-yad yashem.pdf widsofchange.pdf

 
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